PMTCT Interventions and Outcome of Babies Born to HIV Positive Mothers: A Retrospective Study at a Secondary Health-Care Facility in Warri, Delta State, Nigeria
Victor Omote,
Henry Ukwamedua,
Johnson Etaghene,
Matthew Ejike Oseji,
Imaria Celia Agwai,
Harrison Agbroko
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 5, September 2018
Pages:
40-43
Received:
10 August 2018
Accepted:
26 October 2018
Published:
26 November 2018
Abstract: Mother to child transmission (MTCT) of the AIDS virus remains a persistent means for HIV acquisition and accounts for most cases of paediatric HIV infection. Maternal viral load, antiretroviral therapy for mother and infants, infant feeding pattern and mode of delivery have been implicated as factors that affects MTCT rates. The study evaluated the efficacy of the various PMTCT interventions in relation to HIV status of the babies. Early Infant Diagnosis (EID) register of exposed infants seeking care from January 2015-December 2016 was retrieved and reviewed. Data on mother’s antiretroviral therapy (ART) status, infants ART status, sex, feeding pattern and HIV status were extracted, recorded an analyzed using SPSS 23 and results expressed in simple frequency and percentage. Statistical association was assayed for using Chi-square and Fisher’s exact test. A total of 249 mother and infant pairs took part in the study. Approximately (50.2%) of the infants were females and virtually all (95.6%) of the participating mothers were on ART. Likewise, almost all (94.0%) of the infants were placed on ART while majority of them (71%) were exclusively breastfed. An incidence rate of 4.4% (11/249) for MTCT of the AIDS virus was recorded while variables such as maternal ART status, infant ART status and infant feeding pattern showed strong association with MTCT. Findings from this study revealed a reduced prevalence for the study region when compared to other regions and a hope for the complete eradication of MTCT of HIV when PMTCT interventions and strategies are properly implemented and utilized.
Abstract: Mother to child transmission (MTCT) of the AIDS virus remains a persistent means for HIV acquisition and accounts for most cases of paediatric HIV infection. Maternal viral load, antiretroviral therapy for mother and infants, infant feeding pattern and mode of delivery have been implicated as factors that affects MTCT rates. The study evaluated the...
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Glanzmann Thrombasthenia: A Case Report in Moroccan Child
Zohair Ait Ouzdi,
Fatimazahra Marhoume,
Khalil Haouach
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 5, September 2018
Pages:
44-47
Received:
14 October 2018
Accepted:
1 November 2018
Published:
28 November 2018
Abstract: Glanzmann thrombasthenia is a hereditary hemorrhagic problem and is characterized by a qualitative or quantitative deficiency of the platelet glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa, responsible for the reduction of platelet aggregation. The reported case concerns an 11-year-old child admitted to the Clinical Hematology Department of the University Hospital Mohamed 6 for epistaxis and gingivorrhagia. The questioning of the father revealed the concept of consanguinity, as well as his history of death and his hemorrhagic syndrome. The biological assessment performed in a patient shows a normal blood count; it is not particularly thrombocytopenia and the platelets have an average volume of 10.6 fL, the prothrombin time (PT), the partial thromboplastin time with activator (APTT) are normal. The platelet occlusion time (POT) is lengthened. The von Willebrand factor has not been investigated: the antigen (VWF-Ag) is 148% and the cofactor of ristocetin (VWF-RCo) is 116%. On the other hand, the exploration of platelet functions shows a lack of aggregation or of the platelet activator used: there is no aggregation in the presence of collagen, ADP, acid arachidonic, and aggregation induced by ristocetin is very disturbed. Immunophenotyping of platelet glycoproteins and the study of glycoprotein expression after thrombin activation by flow cytometry resulting from GpIIbIIIa (CD41), GpIIIa (CD61). The diagnosis is available for this patient is Glanzmann trombasthenia.
Abstract: Glanzmann thrombasthenia is a hereditary hemorrhagic problem and is characterized by a qualitative or quantitative deficiency of the platelet glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa, responsible for the reduction of platelet aggregation. The reported case concerns an 11-year-old child admitted to the Clinical Hematology Department of the University Hospital Mohame...
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